![]() The left kidney is often obscured by bowel when scanned from the anterior abdomen. The left kidney is often more difficult to visualize because the spleen provides a more limited sonographic window. The right kidney is examined from an anterolateral or direct lateral approach with the patient supine or in left lateral decubitus position, using the right lobe of the liver as a sonographic window. A sector or curved array transducer using frequencies between 2.25 and 5.0 MHz is recommended. The American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine provides guidelines for a satisfactory examination. A renal US examination typically includes sonography of both kidneys, the perirenal areas, the aorta, inferior vena cava (IVC), and the urinary bladder. ![]()
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